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Jesus willingly died, according to the plan of God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, to take on the punishment we deserve for our sin (Romans 6:23), to satisfy God’s just wrath against our sin, and to remove our guilt. By removing our sin, he made a way to bring us into a new loving relationship with God. We call Jesus’ saving work, the atonement.
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For those who have come to trust in and follow Jesus, our faith rests on the answer to one seemingly radical question—what did the death of Jesus accomplish?
That might seem like a strange question because when most people we know die, we don't ask what their death accomplished. When death strikes, we see it as a loss, not an accomplishment.
But Jesus’ death was totally unique—because Jesus is totally unique, being fully God and fully man. We often refer to Jesus as “the Christ,” which means the anointed one of God. He is God’s promised rescuer for humanity (Genesis 3:15).
For those who trust in him, his death accomplished something. It accomplished the most important victory imaginable (1 Corinthians 15:57).
So, what did Jesus’ death accomplish? To understand the Bible’s answer to this question, let’s use an illustration.
Imagine you were given a brand-new car as a gift. Suppose that new car had all the latest and greatest features, and it came with an endless supply of gas. The car is not the only gift then, but with the car you also receive all the possible experiences you can have because of where the car can take you.
Suppose there is one catch—you find out that the car has no engine. The moment you realize this, everything else about the car becomes worthless. You have no hope of arriving at any of the destinations you have in mind. What good is a shiny expensive new car if it doesn’t have an engine?
When we ask what the death of Jesus accomplished, we find that the Bible offers a multitude of answers—think of them like nice features on the new car.
Jesus’ death ransomed us from this present evil world and from Satan, the ruler of this world (Galatians 1:4; Hebrews 2:14) .
Jesus’ death and resurrection also brought new life, both spiritually and physically, to his followers (Isaiah 53:5; 2 Timothy 2:11; 1 John 5:11-12).
Jesus’ death also served as an example and the dawning of the new kind of humanity that Jesus came to establish (1 Corinthians 15:44-49; 1 Peter 2:21-24).
But there’s one reality in the New Testament that serves as the engine, or foundation, for all those other wonderful benefits.
More than anything else, Jesus died to reconcile us to God by atoning for our sins. This means he submitted to the full punishment that we deserved for our sins against God as a substitute on our behalf. Jesus drank the cup of God’s wrath on our behalf, as the Bible says (Matthew 26:42; John 18:11).
We owe an infinite debt to our creator because he is an infinite and holy God, and we have all rebelled and sinned against him. The Bible clearly states that the price of our penalty is nothing short of death and eternal punishment (Romans 6:23). But the Bible also says we can have redemption and the forgiveness of our trespasses “through his [Jesus’] blood… according to the riches of his grace” (Ephesians 1:7 ESV).
The atoning work of Christ on our behalf serves as the engine of our faith and our hope. Someone had to pay our sin-debt. God paid it himself through Jesus. Without having our sins dealt with, we could never draw near to God or enjoy a relationship with him. We would never be able to drive the car and enjoy its features, so to speak.
All other benefits that we have gained, because of Jesus, stem from this one central reality—that Jesus Christ suffered and died in our place to pay the eternal penalty for our sins that we could never pay so that we might be reconciled to God.
by Bibles.net
God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
2 CORINTHIANS 5:21 NIV
Penal substitutionary atonement
is therefore a
straightforward exchange
wherein one person
bears the penalty
someone else deserves.
Christ’s death on the cross
was a penal substitution.
He bore the guilt
and punishment
for his people’s sins.
Propitiation addresses the wrath of God. It is the work of Christ saving us from God’s wrath by absorbing it in his own person as our substitute. Expiation, which basically means “removal,” accompanies propitiation and speaks of the work of Christ in removing or putting away our sin.
Such is the symbolism of the two goats used on the Day of Atonement. The first goat represented Christ’s work of propitiation as it was killed and its blood sprinkled on the mercy seat. The second goat represented Christ’s work of expiation in removing or blotting out the sins that were against us. The object of propitiation is the wrath of God. The object of expiation is the sin, which must be removed from his presence.
One of the criminals who hung there hurled insults at him: “Aren’t you the Messiah? Save yourself and us!" But the other criminal rebuked him. “Don’t you fear God,” he said, “since you are under the same sentence? We are punished justly, for we are getting what our deeds deserve. But this man has done nothing wrong.” Then he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.” Jesus answered him, “Truly I tell you, today you will be with me in paradise.”
How do we know that God loves the world?
We look at the cross.
How do we know what God’s love looks like?
We look at the cross.
On the cross God gave his Son as a sacrifice for a sinful world in full-tilt rebellion against him, and the person God gave for the world wasn’t just anybody; it was his one and only Son, the incarnate Second person of the Trinity, whom the Father had loved from all eternity and with whom he was well pleased.
Whitney Woolard shares how the truth that Jesus became the substitute who willingly suffered for our sins has been her comfort while suffering through Lyme Disease.
It would not have been right for the restoration of human nature to be left undone, and… it could not have been done unless man paid what was owing to God for sin. But the debt was so great that, while man alone owed it, only God could pay it, so that the same person must be both man and God. Thus it was necessary for God to take manhood into the unity of his Person, so that he who in his own nature ought to pay and could not, should be in a person who could…
by Anselm“In this is love, not that we have loved God but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins.” (1 John 4:10 ESV)
When you were dead in your sins and in the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made you alive with Christ. He forgave us all our sins, having canceled the charge of our legal indebtedness, which stood against us and condemned us; he has taken it away, nailing it to the cross.
"Rock of Ages,
Cleft for Me"
This hymn by Augustus Toplady confesses how we are dependent on God for salvation and help. It’s a beautiful declaration of trust. We made this graphic so you can save these words on your phone as your background or screensaver!
Our most merciful Father… sent his only Son into the world, and laid upon him all the sins of all men, saying, "You be Peter that denier; Paul that persecutor, blasphemer and cruel oppressor; David that adulterer; that sinner which did eat the apple in Paradise; that thief which hanged upon the cross; and briefly you must be the person which hath committed the sins of all men; see therefore that you pay and satisfy for them [all]."
He died not for men,
but for each man.
If each man had been
the only man made,
he would have done
no less.
No person was ever delivered from divine judgment by the death of any animal. The repeated sacrifice of animals was simply a continual symbol of the fact that God does deliver by the death of an innocent substitute, but no animal was ever satisfactory to God and so the sacrifices went on and on and on and on by the millions. And the people waited for a sacrifice that would be satisfactory to God, to which all those unsatisfactory sacrifices pointed. That day came on that Friday when God chose his lamb and offered him as a sacrifice, a substitute for sinners, and poured out his wrath on that innocent substitute.
God treated Jesus
as if he had
personally committed
every sin ever committed
by every person who
would ever believe
though in reality
he committed none of them.